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Freedom Movement of Iran
The Freedom Movement of Iran (FMI), (ペルシア語:نهضت آزادی ايران), ''Nehzat-e Azadi-e Iran'') is an Iranian political organization which was founded in 1961 by Mehdi Bazargan, Mahmoud Taleghani, Yadollah Sahabi, Mostafa Chamran, Ali Shariati, Sadegh Ghotbzadeh and some other political or religious figures. Despite being outlawed by the prevailing regime in Iran, the group continues to exist. The group's current leader is Ebrahim Yazdi since 1995. FMI is one of the major parties in the Alliance of Nationalist-Religious Activists of Iran ''(Etelaf-e Nirouhaye Melli Mazhabi-e Iran)''. Musa al-Sadr was also a close associate of the movement and of its founding members.
==1953 Coup d'etat and aftermath==
The group's origins go back to the early 1950s right after the 1953 coup d'état against the government of Dr. Mohammad Mossadeq, who was Prime Minister of Iran from April 1951 to August 1953 (with a very brief interruption in July 1952). That coup brought down Mossadegh and his colleagues from power and reinstalled the Shah as the dominant force in Iranian politics. The newly installed regime quickly rounded up Mossadegh's closest supporters, outlawing freedom of expression and brutally cracking down on free political activity. Mossadegh himself was placed before a military court and sentenced to three years in prison. Under these unfavorable conditions, a group of low-ranking leaders from the Mossadegh era quickly formed an underground organization calling itself the National Resistance Movement (NRM). It is significant in the context of the FMI's history because this reincarnation of the National Front (the umbrella group for Mossadegh's supporters) was constituted mainly of religious laymen, which differentiated it from the secular members of the banned National Front, including Mossadegh himself. The NRM campaigned for the 1954 Majlis to be free and fair (they were not) and attempted
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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